STD diagnosis is not always applicable to STD infections since infections due to chlamydia are mostly asymptomatic among women. STD Clinic in Pasay City together with two other clinics and the Department of Health piloted the development of a risk assessment scoring system for asymptomatic female sex workers. The criterion included in the risk scoring system was based on the results of the studies on STD conducted among commercial sex workers. Risk assessment criteria included: any sexual partner believed to be symptomatic, condom not used every time since last attendance, freelance and first attendance at the model clinic, regular partner may be risky, less than twenty years old, less than six months as a sex worker, and more than twelve sexual contacts in the last two weeks. Each of the criterions had a corresponding score. If the patient got a score of five or more, she was considered high risk and treated for cervicitis. Application of the risk assessment scoring system among asymptomatic female sex workers created some problems on the part of the clinician.
Those who were positive for the risk assessment (score of five or more) were reluctant to take the medicines. Intensive counseling was done to convince the patients to undergo treatment. Other problems encountered included low compliance, difficulty in contact tracing and in convincing patients of the possibility of transmitting the infection to their partners hence the importance of using condom. Out of one hundred and seven asymptomatic female sex workers who sought consultation, seventy percent showed initial resistance in undergoing treatment. However, after an intensive counseling and convincing eighty percent were convinced to take the medications and twenty percent refused. Although the risk assessment scoring system is a helpful tool in diagnosing symptomatic cases of STD among female sex workers, clinical data are needed to support and validate the set of criteria included as well as the scoring system. Counseling plays a very important role in the management of asymptomatic cases of STD using the risk assessment scoring system
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Chancroid, Trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis (BV), and Genital Herpes std treatment is indicated for sex partners if the last sexual encounter was within 60 days. std treatment of Chlamydia is indicated for patients being treated for Gonorrhea, and vice versa. (It is common to have these two STD infections together) If STD diagnosis is not confirmed, then empiric triple antibiotic std treatment is advocated for the most common STDs - chlamydia treatment, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis. Triple STD antibiotic regimen: Doxycycline 100 mg twice a day / 10 days; Cipro XR 500mg or 1000mg one single dose (or Levaquin, or Tequin); and Metronidazole 500 mg twice a day for 10 days.
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doxycycline is a member of the tetracycline antibiotics group and is commonly used to treat a variety of infections. doxycycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline invented and clinically developed in the early 1960s by Pfizer Inc. and marketed under the brand name Vibramycin. Vibramycin received FDA approval in 1967, becoming Pfizer's first once-a-day broad-spectrum antibiotic. Other brand names include Monodox, Periostat, Vibra-Tabs, Doryx, Vibrox, Adoxa, Doxyhexal and Atridox (topical doxycycline hyclate for Periodontitis).
Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole anti-infective medication used mainly in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible organisms, particularly anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. It is marketed by Pfizer under the trade name Flagyl in the US, while Sanofi-Aventis markets metronidazole globally under the same tradename, Flagyl, and also by various generic manufacturers, who sell it at a lower price. metronidazole is also used as a gel preparation in the treatment of the dermatological conditions such as rosacea (Rozex and Metro-Gel by Galderma) and fungating tumours (Anabact, Cambridge Healthcare Supplies).
Metronidazole is a prodrug. It is converted in anaerobic organisms by the redox enzyme pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase. The nitro group of metronidazole is chemically reduced by ferredoxin (or a ferredoxin-linked metabolic process) and the products are responsible for disrupting the DNA helical structure, thus inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis.
Metronidazole is selectively taken up by anaerobic bacteria and sensitive protozoal organisms because of the ability of these organisms to reduce metronidazole to its active form intracellularly.
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Ciprofloxacin (aka cipro) is the generic international name for the synthetic antibiotic manufactured and sold by Bayer A.G. under the brand names cipro, ciproxin and ciprobay (and other brand names in other markets, e.g. veterinary medicine), belonging to a group called fluoroquinolones. Ciprofloxacin (cipro) is bacteriocidal. Its mode of action depends upon blocking bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, thereby causing double-stranded breaks in the bacterial chromosome.
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If STD diagnosis is not confirmed, then empiric triple antibiotic std treatment is advocated for the most common STDs - Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Trichomoniasis. Triple STD antibiotic regimen: Doxycycline 100 mg twice a day / 10 days; Cipro® XR 500mg or 1000mg one single dose (or Levaquin®, or Tequin®); and Metronidazole 500 mg twice a day for 10 days.
STD-GOV.org - std
STD-GOV.org - std
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